BIW Laser Welding of Technological Innovation

Since the 1980s, the German car manufacturer Volkswagen pioneered BIW laser welding, laser materials processing as an excellent heat source in automotive body in white welding applied more widely.The most common single green laser pointer welding on the roof of the white body, the side panels and the back cover, in some European and American automobile manufacturers has become a standardized process. For example, the roof and the trunk lid Audi spot-welding has been completely abandoned, the roof and the rear trunk lid design also completely abandoned the groove designed for spot welding and for large flange seal, thus shorter side flange, single flange material designed docking, improve body strength while meeting the weight of the body and reducing process steps to improve production efficiency. European and American car manufacturers use laser welding technology to mature, has made BIW laser welding is no longer a high-end welding technology.When BIW laser welding technology with Volkswagen, Audi and other German cars just entered the Chinese automobile manufacturing, due to the depot at the time of the German 500mw green laser welding technology monopoly,laser-welded high-strength body became their publicity in the market Highlights.

Over the past decade China's many car manufacturers have also begun to use laser welding BIW in Asia was ahead of the Japanese and Korean cars. In the implementation of the introduction of foreign technology - imitation - the localization of the road, Chinese car manufacturers continue to make breakthroughs numerous technical problems in the European and American cars on the basis of 100mw laser mature application on their accumulated experience and results. Such as the large size of the JAC, sheet structure of welding long stroke, that is, on the basis of German cars on laser stations were modified after their own technological features put into operation.

Automobile factory in China in the introduction of laser technology - imitation - localization road, Guangzhou Technology Co., Ltd. as Abi Tektronix welding laser products Scansonic overall responsibility for sales and service in China, between China and Germany has set up a technology exchange bridge, over the years constantly German cars in BIW welding experience and the introduction of the concept of home, and exchanges with China's domestic auto manufacturers, since a lot of the research phase of the laser 200mw project would provide technical support and to explore the feasibility of the project, in order to the company's strong team of engineers in Germany and 16 years of BIW laser welding experience, largely for the domestic automobile manufacturers to shorten the time of the laser preliminary research project, reducing the R & D funding, reducing the risk of use.

This article introduces the reader in BIW laser welding using the development process, the welding process through the immediate control of the laser beam welding to improve the accuracy and ensure the welding quality, and thus maximize the use of the advantages of laser welding described in detail. And the current German car manufacturer in order to improve the tact and lightweight body of the requirements prerequisite for new requirements and ideas BIW 30000mw laser pointer welding presented, as well as future trends and research results obtained do some elaboration.Different welding processes can take the form of different lap seam weld strength are different, to analyze how to get to meet the weld strength of each car manufacturer as provided in BIW welding, in which we first summarize the current automotive BIW several major lap seam welding forms used for these and overlapping forms of welding processes.

Dissolved into laser welding and laser soldering welding process. Laser welding has high power density solution, concentrated heating, melting point materials can be welded, the small bead width, linearity is good, relatively high intensity of welding technology advantages. The disadvantage is easy to weld corrosion, welding of high melting hole stability requirements, welding parameter adjustment range is small, the high rate of weld defects, weld surface uneven, need subsequent grinding process. Advantages of laser brazing, the laser energy at the end, the heat-affected body deformation and small, complex geometries can be welded, galvanized layer burning fewer welds should not be corrosion, welding parameter adjustment range, weld spatter, welding stable state weld defect rate is very low, weld appearance, only a simple treatment after welding even without treatment. In the absence of welding defects premise contrast seam welding strength of the resulting solution is slightly lower, 10000mw laser brazing and welding wire relative positional accuracy and spot weld three high requirements.

Weld overlapping fashion BIW now commonly used are the following, double / multiple overlapping lap, fillet welds, butt weld flange. Lap different ways in different parts of the body currently used, mainly out of consideration of the original wood material, weld strength, appearance and welding costs and other factors.

Double / Multi-overlap overlap: Currently the most used form of lap welds, are mainly used for car parts A, B, C pillar, underbody, side panels, fenders and the like. This splicing main laser deep penetration welding low precision, high weld strength formation, low equipment cost, simple operation. However, when welding galvanized sheet and the surface of the material with oil and water, oil and gas since the zinc coating and water evaporation can easily form pores or through holes and other welding defects. Before welding is often required to play the anchor plate, so that the gap formed between the plate, easy to exhaust vapors. The distance between the plates shall ensure that the gap between 0.2 and 0.3 mm, the gap is too small to exhaust poor, easy to form a weld gap is too large to collapse, which make high precision sparring anchor equipment requirements, and increase the production processes, reduce production effectiveness. In order to improve the welding speed, the current market has a variety of flight laser welding head, the welding seam stitching it mostly double stack.

Fillet: mainly used in the door frame, window frames, and other parts of the tailgate. This splicing welded portion located truncation of the upper plate, welded parts zinc coating, oil and water vapors have enough emission space, weld quality is largely improved. Brazing and welding may be used. However, the exact role of the laser spot on the pad needs, extremely difficult to locate, so at the beginning of the 2000mw green laser welding, the use of such a small splicing. Since 2000, Scansonic the contact seam tracking system by all of its patented technology, has solved the spot and the wire relative to the positioning of the weld joints currently used mostly yard-contact seam tracking systems are this patented technology. The utilization rate above 90%. Fillet with respect to the double / Another advantage of the multilayer overlapping flanges is shorter in the current trends in lightweight body increasingly being adopted.

In welding aluminum body, the angle of the weld is greatly reducing the risk of hot cracking. When the weld superimposed manner, the plate was not dissolved portion located between the melt plate, thermal expansion and contraction will shrink to solidify under the effect of the site does not dissolve in the melted parts of the cooling process, thereby forming a thermal cracking. While using fillet welding, condensation process is more like a double-side moving plate, the thermal cracking risk is greatly reduced.

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